According to the structure of polar groups, fluorine surfactants are divided into ionic and non-ionic types. Ionic fluorine surfactants can be divided into anionic, cationic and amphoteric fluorine surfactants. And a certain type of surfactant can form various series of products according to the different group structures.

　　1. Anionic fluorocarbon surfactant:

　　According to their polar groups (hydrophilic groups), they can be divided into carboxylates (rfcoo-m), sulfonates (rfso3-m), phosphates (rfopo3m) and sulfates (rfoso3-m). The former three are mainly used in industry.

　　Carboxylate fluorocarbon surfactants: generally, they are less soluble in strong acids or aqueous solutions containing high valent cations, but have high thermal stability;

　　Sulfonate fluorocarbon surfactants: relatively better oxidation resistance, less sensitivity to strong acids and electrolytes;

　　Phosphate fluorocarbon surfactants: relatively poor foaming performance.

　　2. Cationic fluorocarbon surfactant:

　　Cationic fluorocarbon surfactants are almost all nitrogen-containing compounds, namely organic amine derivatives. Because most of the surface particles of substances are negatively charged, cationic surfactants are easy to be adsorbed.

　　3. Zwitterionic fluorocarbon surfactant:

　　The molecular structure of zwitterionic activator contains both acidic and basic groups, and the type of ions it displays depends on the pH value of the solution, that is, it is cationic in acidic medium and anionic in alkaline medium. The acidic groups of amphoteric fluorocarbon surfactants are mainly carboxylic acid groups and sulfonic acid groups, and the basic groups are mainly amino or quaternary ammonium groups. Amphoteric fluorocarbon surfactants have excellent emulsifying properties and are used as emulsifiers in the manufacture of fluorocarbon materials, paper, leather and other products.